A sourdough starter is a living mix of flour and water that captures wild yeast and lactic acid bacteria from your kitchen — usually ready to bake with in 7 to 14 days, and once made it can last a lifetime. This guide is the long, warm version: what a starter actually is, how to grow one in a chilly UK kitchen, how to feed it, what the yoghurty smell means, and how to revive it when it sulks. If you've never made one before, breathe. We promise it's gentler than the internet makes it sound.
What a Sourdough Starter Actually Is
What is a sourdough starter?
A sourdough starter is a living culture of wild yeast and lactic acid bacteria, kept alive in a paste of flour and water. The wild yeast is what makes bread rise; the bacteria is what gives sourdough its tang and its longer shelf life. A mature starter doubles in 4–12 hours after feeding and smells faintly yoghurty — like ripe natural yoghurt with a sweet edge.
The two living things you're growing
Think of a starter as a pet jar of wild leavening. It's just flour and water — sometimes for years, sometimes for decades — that you keep alive by feeding the same way you'd feed sourdough yoghurt. Inside, two things are doing the work: wild yeast (mostly Saccharomyces and Kazachstania species) lift the bread by producing CO₂; lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus and friends) produce the lactic and acetic acids that give sourdough its faint tang, its keeping qualities, and the way it sits more kindly in many people's guts than commercial bread.
Vanessa Kimbell, in The Sourdough School, makes the point that the yeast does the lifting and the bacteria does the flavour — and it's the balance of the two that you're really cultivating. Once mature, your starter will be roughly 100 lactic acid bacteria to every wild yeast cell. That ratio is what defines a sourdough culture, and it's quietly the reason your bread will taste of bread and not of brewery.
Why we feed it flour and water (and nothing else)
We feed it flour because that's the food the yeast and bacteria eat — flour is a slow-release carbohydrate scaffold, with the starches breaking down into sugars the microbes can metabolise. We add water because they live in solution; without it the colony goes dormant. We don't add sugar, salt, fruit, or honey — those add complications a beginner doesn't need, and a healthy flour-and-water starter doesn't need them either. The yeast in your flour and on your hands is enough. The bacteria on the bran of the grain is enough. The cottage industries of add a grape, add raisin water, add pineapple juice are largely a US-internet phenomenon; for UK home bakers, a quiet jar of flour and tap water reliably becomes a starter in a fortnight or less.
The difference between a starter, a levain, and discard
A quick vocabulary note before we go further. Starter is the master culture, lifelong, kept in a jar. Levain (some bakers say leaven) is the off-shoot you build the night before a bake — usually a portion of starter fed up to the weight your recipe needs. Discard is the portion of starter you remove before each feed to keep the population in balance; it's not waste, it's the ingredient for pancakes, crumpets, crackers and 25 sourdough discard recipes we'll cover later in the cluster.
Why UK Kitchens Behave Differently
Most of the famous sourdough recipes online are written in California, New York or Vermont. Their kitchens sit at 21–24°C for most of the year. Yours, in Surrey or Sheffield or Stirling, does not. A typical UK kitchen runs at 14–17°C from November to April, 18–22°C from May to September, and the difference is the difference between a starter ready in a week and a starter ready in two and a half.
The honest ambient-temperature range (14–22°C, by month)
The UK Met Office tracks outdoor temperatures region by region. Kitchen temperatures lag outdoor minima by 4–8°C (insulation, residual heat from cooking, the kettle going on six times a day). That gives roughly:
| Region | Jan–Feb kitchen °C | May–Jun °C | Jul–Aug °C | Nov–Dec °C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| South-East England | 16 | 19 | 22 | 17 |
| Midlands | 15 | 18 | 21 | 16 |
| North-West England | 14 | 17 | 20 | 15 |
| Scotland Central Belt | 13 | 16 | 19 | 14 |
If your kitchen sits below 18°C from October to April — which is most of the UK — your starter will simply take longer. Not fail. Longer. That distinction is the single most useful thing we can give you before you mix your first jar.
UK tap water — chlorine, hardness, and when it matters
UK tap water is mostly fine for starter — but two things are worth knowing. Chlorine: if your tap water smells strongly of swimming pool, leave a jug uncovered for 12 hours and the chlorine evaporates. Hardness: South-East England (Thames Water) is very hard, 250+ mg/l CaCO₃; the South-West (Plymouth, Cornwall) is very soft, under 50 mg/l. Hard water buffers acidity and can make a starter take an extra 1–2 days to reach pH 4.0; soft water lets the starter acidify faster but can produce a more aggressive sour. Neither is a problem — both make good starters — they just shape the timing.
What this means for your timing
Take the temperature off your kitchen wall thermometer (or estimate it from the table above) and the hardness of your water from your water-board's annual report, and you have the two variables that explain why your starter is moving faster or slower than the recipe says. A South-East kitchen at 16°C in February with very hard water? Plan for 12–14 days, not 7. A Cornwall kitchen at 19°C in June with soft water? Probably 8 days. Trust the starter, not the calendar.
How to Make a Sourdough Starter From Scratch
How long it takes to mature
How long does it take to make a sourdough starter from scratch?
A sourdough starter usually takes 7 to 14 days to become reliably bakeable, with 10 days being a fair UK average. Warmer kitchens (above 22°C) can mature one in a week; chilly kitchens below 18°C — most of the UK between October and April — should plan for closer to two. It is ready when it doubles within 4–12 hours of feeding for three days running.
What you'll need (UK kit list with substitutes)
You need: a clean glass jar (500–700 ml, lid loose), digital scales (the £6 Salter ones are fine), a non-reactive spoon (stainless steel or wood), strong white bread flour, ideally a small bag of wholemeal or rye to kick-start fermentation, and tap water (left out 12 hours if it smells of chlorine). A tea towel over the jar is enough; the lid sits loose so gas can escape. That's it. No banneton, no fancy thermometer, no proofing box.
If you don't have scales — and we do mean get scales — you can muddle through with tablespoons (one rounded tablespoon of flour is roughly 12 g, one of water about 15 g), but the proportions go wobbly and so does the starter. Scales are the single most useful £6 you'll spend on this hobby.
The flour decision — strong white, wholemeal or rye
If you want to keep it simple, use 100% strong white bread flour. If you want a faster start in a cool kitchen, use a 50/50 strong white and wholemeal (or 80/20 strong white and rye) for the first three days, then taper to all-white once it's lively. Wholemeal and rye carry more wild microbes on the bran, which gives the population a head start. Most UK pillars and authors agree on this — Kimbell, Boddy, and the Hub's own logs all show 1–3 days saved by including some wholegrain.
The 10-day method, day by day
Here's the long way: a 10-day method tuned for a UK kitchen at 16–20°C. If yours is warmer, you'll be quicker; if cooler, slower. Don't panic if a day looks quiet.
- Day 1. Mix 50 g flour + 50 g water in your clean jar. Stir to a thick batter. Loose lid. Leave on the counter, away from draughts.
- Day 2. Probably nothing visible. Add 25 g flour + 25 g water. Stir. Lid. Wait.
- Day 3. First bubbles may appear, smell yeasty or faintly cheesy. Add 25 g flour + 25 g water.
- Day 4. Lots of bubbles, possibly a domed top. Discard half (keep ~50 g), add 50 g flour + 50 g water. From now on, this is the daily move.
- Day 5. May look quieter — don't panic. This is the bacterial bloom kicking the yeast briefly back. Discard half, feed 50 + 50.
- Day 6. Daily discard-and-feed. Bubbles smaller, more even.
- Day 7. By day 7 a UK kitchen at 18°C usually sees a starter that rises noticeably between feeds.
- Day 8. Discard, feed. It's getting predictable — that's the goal.
- Day 9. Discard, feed. Should be doubling within 8–12 hours.
- Day 10. Should be doubling reliably within 6–10 hours of feeding. Spoonful floats in water. Now it's ready.
If yours is slower, do another three to five days at the same rhythm before deciding anything is wrong. We have the day-by-day method in a dedicated article if you want the long version of any of these days — including what each one tends to smell like in a Somerset kitchen.
The two signs it's ready to bake with
The two signs your starter is bakeable: (1) it doubles within 4–12 hours after every feed for three days in a row, and (2) a half-teaspoon floats in a glass of room-temperature water. Both signs together = bake-ready.
The float test is not infallible on its own — a stiff starter can sink even when it's fine, and a very watery one can float on hydration alone — but combined with three days of consistent doubling, it's the most useful go/no-go test we know.
How to Feed a Sourdough Starter Once It's Mature
A mature starter has two settings: counter (active, fed daily) or fridge (dormant, fed weekly). Pick one based on how often you bake. If you bake twice a week or more, the counter is easier. If you bake once a week or less, the fridge is kinder to your flour bill. We have a full feeding schedule if you want the long version, with the maths for different jar sizes.
The classic 1:1:1 ratio (and when to use it)
Once a day at room temperature, in a 1:1:1 ratio: weigh 20 g of starter into a clean jar, add 20 g flour and 20 g water. Stir. Loose lid. By the next feed, it should have peaked and started to fall — that's the rhythm you want. In a warm kitchen (21°C+) this is the default. In a cooler kitchen you'll move to 1:3:3.
The 1/3/3 rule for slower kitchens
What is the 1/3/3 rule for sourdough starter?
The 1/3/3 rule is a feeding ratio: 1 part mature starter, 3 parts flour, 3 parts water — all weighed in grams. So 20 g of starter is fed 60 g flour and 60 g water. It's slower than the classic 1:1:1 because the wild yeast has more food to chew through, which suits a cool UK kitchen and lets you feed once a day without it souring between feeds.
We use 1:3:3 in our Somerset kitchen from October through to April. It's also the ratio we hand people who say "I'm forgetful — I want a starter that survives me forgetting for 30 hours." A 1:3:3 starter is gentler, more patient, and produces a less aggressively sour final loaf.
Once-a-day on the counter or once-a-week in the fridge
How often should I feed my sourdough starter?
A mature sourdough starter kept on the kitchen counter needs feeding once every 12–24 hours, depending on temperature. Kept in the fridge it needs feeding once a week and can stretch to two if you cannot get to it. Before you bake with a fridge-stored starter, take it out, feed it twice over 24 hours at room temperature, and use it at peak.
To put a starter in the fridge, feed it once, give it 2 hours on the counter so the yeast starts, then refrigerate. To take it out, feed twice 12 hours apart on the counter, and time your bake to its peak. Cold starter goes into the dough sluggish; warm, freshly-peaked starter goes in hungry.
The Three Common Ratios Compared
A feeding ratio is shorthand for parts starter : parts flour : parts water by weight. The three you'll meet:
| Ratio | What it means | Best when | Peak at 18°C | Peak at 21°C | Peak at 24°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1:1:1 | 20 g starter + 20 g flour + 20 g water | Warm kitchens, twice-daily feeds | 5–7 h | 4–5 h | 3–4 h |
| 1:3:3 | 20 g starter + 60 g flour + 60 g water | Cooler kitchens, once-a-day feed | 10–14 h | 7–10 h | 5–7 h |
| 1:5:5 | 20 g starter + 100 g flour + 100 g water | Overnight, weekends, holiday-prep | 16–24 h | 12–16 h | 9–12 h |
Estimates from Hub bake-log data (Clara's Somerset kitchen, N=180 feeds). Your kitchen will vary by ±2 hours depending on flour, jar, and how long the kettle's been on.
1:1:1 — fast, hungry, predictable
1:1:1 is the recipe-card default. Warm kitchen, twice-daily feeds, fast turnaround. It's the ratio most US recipes assume by default, and it's a fine one in May–September UK conditions or a kitchen that sits above 21°C all year. If you bake a lot and want a starter that's always ready in 4–6 hours, this is the one.
1:3:3 — slow and forgiving
1:3:3 is our recommendation for most UK home bakers most of the year. Once a day, sit-and-forget, no clock-watching. The flavour profile leans slightly milder than 1:1:1 because the bacteria has more time to develop in proportion to the yeast's burst. We bake with this most of the year.
1:5:5 — overnight or weekends only
1:5:5 is the "I'm baking tomorrow morning" ratio. Feed at 9pm, peak at 7am, mix dough at 8am. It's also the ratio we recommend to wake a starter that's been in the fridge for two weeks or more, because the extra food gives the wild yeast room to outpace any acidity that has built up.
Clara always says the ratio is just how long you want the gap between feeds to be. A 1:1:1 starter eats fast and wants you back in 4 hours; a 1:3:3 lets you do one daily feed and forget about it; a 1:5:5 is for the night before a bake, or a starter you're easing back to the counter after a fridge holiday. The maths matter less than the principle: more flour-and-water per part of starter = longer time to peak. Pick the ratio that fits your day, not the day that fits the ratio.
Reading Your Starter — What Sight, Smell and Sound Tell You
What a happy starter looks like
A happy starter looks domed, bubbled all the way through (look up the side of the jar — not just on top), and at peak it has the texture of well-whipped soufflé batter. The cling film, when you lift it, leaves a sticky web behind. There's the faintest fizz when you stir it, like a half-flat bottle of fizzy water.
What a sulking starter looks like
A sulking starter looks flat, dense, with a few sad bubbles on top and a watery layer underneath. The cling film lifts off cleanly. The smell may be sharp, vinegary, or sock-y. None of these mean it's dead — they mean it needs feeding, warmth, or both. Starters are tough. Elaine Boddy's line that starters rarely die is the right line.
The smell ladder (sweet → yoghurty → sharp → acetone)
Smell is the most useful diagnostic you have, and the cheapest. Run through it like a tasting menu:
- Sweet, faintly yeasty — newborn starter, days 1–3. Normal.
- Cheesy, sock-y, slightly off — days 2–4, the early bacterial bloom. Normal. Don't bin it.
- Yoghurty, with a sweet edge — mature starter at peak. Bake-ready.
- Sharp vinegar, like a chip-shop — past peak, hungry. Feed it.
- Nail-varnish, acetone, paint-thinner — very hungry, alcohol production has overshot. Discard most of it, do a 1:5:5 feed, leave for 12 hours.
- Pink, orange, fuzzy mould on top — the only smell-test that means bin it and restart. Rare, but real.
Smell-Ladder Diagnostic
Pick what your starter smells like, and we'll suggest what to do next.
Pick a smell above and we'll give you a one-sentence diagnosis.
A peak starter, when you stir it gently, releases a faint fizzing — like the very-quiet hiss of a half-flat bottle of fizzy water. The cling-film tackiness test: a mature starter, when you lift cling film off the jar, leaves a sticky web — that's the gluten and acid working. A watery starter leaves no web. If you want a deeper dive into the diagnostic version of this, our ten reasons it might not be bubbling piece is the long-form troubleshooter.
When Things Go Wrong — The Quick Troubleshooter
Five problems cover ~90% of beginner panic. Here they are, with the short answer.
The biggest mistake beginners make
What is the biggest mistake beginners make with sourdough bread?
The biggest mistake new sourdough bakers make is feeding the starter on a fixed clock instead of reading it. A starter rises, peaks, then collapses — and the window of "peak" is short. Mixing dough from a starter that has already collapsed gives a flat, dense loaf. Wait until your starter has roughly doubled and just started to dome before you use it; that's the moment.
It's not bubbling at all
Why is my sourdough starter not bubbling?
A sourdough starter usually isn't bubbling for one of three reasons: it is too cold (below 18°C the yeast slows dramatically), it is being fed too often or too much (the wild yeast can't catch up), or the flour is over-bleached and lacks the wild microbes to start with. Try a warmer spot, the 1:3:3 ratio, and a 50/50 strong white and wholemeal mix for three days.
Move it somewhere warmer (top of the fridge is often 20–22°C; near — not on — a hob is good). Add 20 g rye or wholemeal to the next feed to boost microbe count. Give it 48 hours before deciding anything.
It rose once and then collapsed
It's not dead — it has reached peak and is now hungry. Note how many hours that took; that's your feed interval. Feed it now and watch the next cycle.
It smells of acetone or nail varnish
Classic over-hungry signal. The yeast has burned through the available carbohydrate and is producing ethanol that's evaporating to acetone. Discard 80% of the jar, do a 1:5:5 feed, leave 12 hours.
There's a grey liquid on top (hooch)
This is alcohol — same root cause as acetone smell, slightly earlier stage. Pour the hooch off (or stir it in if you like a more sour starter), feed, carry on. Common in fridge-stored starters that have gone over a week without a top-up.
It has mould — when to bin it
Pink, orange or black fuzz on the surface = bin it and restart. Don't try to scrape it off and keep going; the mould is in the whole culture. This is rare in healthy starters because the acidity normally outpaces mould — but it happens, especially in jars with food residue or in summer when other moulds are airborne. Sorry. Start again. It happens to all of us.
Which Grain Should Your Starter Be Made With?
You can make a perfectly good starter with any wheat or rye flour. The choice changes flavour, speed, and what your starter is best at. There's a full comparison piece on rye, white or wholegrain if you want the long version.
White (strong white bread flour)
The default. Mild flavour, slow-to-medium speed, suits 70–78% hydration loaves, behaves predictably. Most UK brands work well — Marriage's, Shipton Mill, Doves Farm, Allinson, Wessex Mill, Matthews Cotswold. Avoid anything labelled "plain" or "self-raising" — too low in protein.
Wholemeal
Faster fermentation, deeper flavour, richer crumb. Great for a beginner because the bran carries more wild microbes — your starter often matures 2–3 days quicker on wholemeal. The DEFRA Bread and Flour Regulations define wholemeal as containing 100% of the wheat kernel; if a label says "wholegrain" without "wholemeal", check the ingredients.
Rye
The fastest grain to ferment. A rye starter peaks 30–50% quicker than white at the same temperature, smells more pungent (think Borodinsky), and adds depth to wheat loaves when used as a small portion of a levain. We sell a dedicated rye starter kit because rye is its own conversation.
Spelt
Ancient wheat cousin, slightly sweeter, nuttier, with a softer gluten. Spelt starters are lovely but more delicate — they thin out faster and want feeding sooner. Some bakers find them easier to digest.
A mixed-grain starter
Many of us keep one starter and feed it whatever flour we have to hand. That's fine — the microbial population adapts within a few feeds. A starter that has been fed exclusively rye for a fortnight, then switched to white, takes about three feeds to recalibrate. The colony is more resilient than the recipes suggest.
A note on the Real Bread Campaign's Sourdough Loaf Mark. The UK Real Bread Campaign distinguishes "genuine" sourdough — leavened solely with a live starter, no commercial yeast — from "sourfaux" products marketed as sourdough but containing baker's yeast. For home bakers, the practical upshot is: if your starter is doing all the lifting, you're making the real thing. The Loaf Mark exists because some commercial "sourdough" is leavened mostly with yeast and only flavoured with starter; it's a labelling issue, not a starter issue. Yours, at home, is genuine.
How to Revive a Dormant or Forgotten Starter
Starters are tougher than they look. The classic Boddy line — starters rarely die — is correct. Three revival scenarios:
Out of the fridge after two weeks
Pour off any hooch, take 20 g of the starter, feed 1:3:3 (20 g starter, 60 g flour, 60 g water). Leave on the counter. Probably looks slow for 12 hours, then takes off. By the second feed, normal rhythm.
Out of the fridge after two months
It may smell strongly of vinegar or alcohol and have a thick crust on top. Scoop from the middle (avoid the crust), take 10 g, feed 1:5:5 — 10 g starter, 50 g flour, 50 g water. Counter, 12 hours. Repeat for three days. Add a teaspoon of rye on feed two to nudge the microbial population. By day 4, normal.
From a dried flake
If you've previously dehydrated a starter (or you're rehydrating one of our dried starter kits), crumble 5 g of flake into 30 g of warm water, leave 2 hours, then add 25 g of flour. Stir. Counter. After 12 hours, do a 1:1:1 feed. Most dried starters revive within 3–5 days; ours typically by day 3. Be patient. A dried starter is the yeast and bacteria in suspended animation; it takes them a moment to wake up. Our long-form guide to wake it back up covers all three scenarios in more detail.
How to Pause Your Starter When Life Gets in the Way
You don't have to feed every day forever. Three storage tiers:
The fridge (weeks)
The default pause. Feed once, leave on the counter for 2 hours, then refrigerate. Will keep for 2 weeks happily, 4 weeks with a feed mid-way, 6 weeks at a push. Take out, feed twice, bake.
Dehydrating (years)
Spread a thin layer of mature starter on baking parchment (a dinner plate's worth), let it dry naturally over 24–48 hours, snap into flakes, store in an airtight jar. Dried starter keeps 1–3 years and travels in an envelope. (We dehydrate ours this way; it's also how we ship our starter kits to your door alive.) See dehydrate and store it for the full method.
The freezer (months — and the small print)
You can freeze a portion of fed starter (~50 g in a small bag, squeeze out air). It keeps 2–6 months. The small print: freezing kills 40–60% of the yeast — the bacteria survive better — so revival takes longer than fridge storage and shorter than dried. We rate the freezer the least useful of the three for most home bakers. Dehydrating is more reliable and far more compact.
The Honest UK Pitfalls No One Mentions
"Your kitchen at 14°C in February" — what to actually do
This is the one US recipes ignore. A genuinely cold UK kitchen — terraced flat with a north-facing back kitchen, no heating until 6pm — will slow a starter to a crawl. Three workable workarounds:
- Top of the fridge. The motor warmth keeps the area at 20–22°C in most kitchens. Stand the jar on a tea towel so it doesn't slip.
- Near (not on) the hob. If your hob has been used in the last 2 hours, the surround stays warm. Don't put the jar on the hob.
- The DIY proofing box. A clean cool box (the kind you take on a picnic) with a bottle of warm water inside, replaced every 12 hours, holds 22–24°C reliably.
Avoid: the airing cupboard (often too warm at 28°C+ — overshoots, weakens the starter), the radiator (uneven, killing-hot in patches), the microwave with the light on (the heat is fine but you'll forget about it and microwave it on Tuesday).
Hard-water areas (the South-East) and soft-water areas (the West)
If you're on Thames Water, Affinity, or any of the South-East suppliers, your water is 250+ mg/l CaCO₃. This is fine for starter but slows initial acidification by 1–2 days. The first time you make a starter, give it the extra time before deciding it's not working. Conversely, if you're in Cornwall, Devon or West Wales, your water is very soft — your starter will acidify quickly and may go aggressively sour. Both are fine. Both make good bread. Neither needs filtering.
Why UK strong white flour behaves differently to US bread flour
US "bread flour" is typically 12–13% protein and often unbleached. UK strong white bread flour is 12–14% protein, usually unbleached, but also often un-malted unless from a specialist. Translation: a US recipe that says "12 hours at room temperature" is not what your UK flour will do — add 2–4 hours and read the dough, not the clock.
Starter-Ready Calculator
Tell us what flour you're using, your kitchen's typical temperature, and the day you mixed your first jar. We'll give you the date your starter is likely to be bake-ready, plus a day-by-day list of what to expect. It's based on twelve months of bake-log data from our Somerset kitchen — your kitchen will vary by a day either side.
Starter-Ready Calculator
Slide between 12 and 28 degrees Celsius.This is based on twelve months of bake-log data from our Somerset kitchen. Yours may vary by ±1–2 days.
Peak Time vs Kitchen Temperature — What to Expect
Peak time — the number of hours from feed to your starter doubling — drops sharply as kitchen temperature rises. The chart below plots peak time against °C for three flour types based on our bake-log data and the academic literature. Use it to plan your feed schedule: find your kitchen temperature on the x-axis, read up to your flour line, and that's your expected peak hours.
Sources: Hub bake-log data 2025–2026 (Clara's Somerset kitchen, N=180 feeds); cross-checked with Buehler (Bread Science, 2006) and Gänzle & Vogel (2003) on Lactobacillus behaviour.
Show data as a table
| °C | White (h) | Wholemeal (h) | Rye (h) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | 14 | 11 | 9 |
| 16 | 11 | 9 | 7 |
| 18 | 8 | 6.5 | 5 |
| 20 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
| 22 | 5 | 4 | 3 |
| 24 | 4 | 3.5 | 2.5 |
| 26 | 3.5 | 3 | 2 |
| 28 | 3 | 2.5 | 1.8 |
| 30 | 2.5 | 2 | 1.5 |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a sourdough starter?
A sourdough starter is a living culture of wild yeast and lactic acid bacteria kept alive in a paste of flour and water. The yeast makes bread rise; the bacteria gives sourdough its tang and longer shelf life. A mature starter doubles in 4–12 hours after feeding and smells yoghurty. Made well, it lasts a lifetime.
How long does it take to make a sourdough starter from scratch?
A sourdough starter usually takes 7 to 14 days to become reliably bake-ready, with 10 days being a fair UK average. Warmer kitchens (above 22°C) can mature one in a week; chilly kitchens below 18°C — most of the UK from October to April — should plan closer to two weeks.
What is the 1/3/3 rule for sourdough starter?
The 1/3/3 rule is a feeding ratio: 1 part mature starter, 3 parts flour, 3 parts water — all weighed in grams. So 20 g of starter is fed 60 g flour and 60 g water. It's slower than the classic 1:1:1, which suits a cool UK kitchen and lets you feed once a day without it souring between feeds.
What is the biggest mistake beginners make with sourdough bread?
The biggest mistake new bakers make is feeding the starter on a fixed clock instead of reading it. A starter rises, peaks, then collapses — and the window of peak is short. Mixing dough from a starter that has already collapsed gives a flat, dense loaf. Wait until your starter has doubled and just started to dome before you use it.
Why is my sourdough starter not bubbling?
A starter usually isn't bubbling because it's too cold (below 18°C the yeast slows dramatically), it's being fed too often, or the flour is over-bleached. Move it somewhere warmer, switch to the 1:3:3 ratio for slower feeds, and try a 50/50 strong white and wholemeal mix for three days. Give it 48 hours before declaring it dead.
Can I make a sourdough starter with UK tap water?
Yes — UK tap water is fine for sourdough starter almost everywhere. If your water smells strongly of chlorine, leave a jug uncovered for 12 hours; the chlorine will evaporate. If you're in a very hard-water area like the South-East, expect your starter to take an extra 1–2 days to fully acidify. Hard water doesn't ruin starter; it just slows the early days.
What flour is best for a sourdough starter in the UK?
Strong white bread flour is the easiest default. For a faster start in a cool kitchen, use a 50/50 strong white and wholemeal (or 80/20 strong white and rye) for the first three days, then taper. UK brands like Marriage's, Shipton Mill, Doves Farm, Allinson, Wessex Mill and Matthews Cotswold all work well. Avoid plain or self-raising flour — too low in protein.
How do I know my starter is ready to bake with?
Two signs together: your starter doubles within 4–12 hours of feeding for three days running, and a half-teaspoon of it floats in a glass of room-temperature water. If both are true, it's bake-ready. Either one alone isn't enough — the float test confirms enough gas; the consistent doubling confirms enough yeast.
What's Next — From Starter to First Loaf
When your starter floats reliably and your kitchen smells faintly of yoghurt every morning, you're ready for the next bit: the first loaf. The bridge article — From Starter to First Loaf: What Happens Next — walks the hand-off, covering hydration, bulk fermentation, shaping, and the cold retard. It's the article we wrote because the most common message we get from new bakers is "OK, the starter's alive — now what?"
For now: feed your starter today. Notice how it smells. Take a photo when it peaks. That's the practice. Sourdough rewards the bakers who pay attention more than the ones who follow rules. We'll see you for the first bake.
If You'd Rather Skip the Wait — Our Starter Kits
If 7–14 days of feeding-and-waiting isn't where you're at, our five starter kits skip the maturation. Each ships with a dried, mature starter — collated in our Somerset kitchen — that revives in 2–3 days and is bakeable from your first feed. Choose by what you want to bake:
- The classic Sourdough Kit — for white loaves.
- The Rye Kit — for darker, faster bakes.
- The Wholegrain Kit — for the most flavour.
- The Spelt Kit — for something a touch sweeter.
- The Express Kit — basics in a smaller box.
All include a recipe card, a starter jar, and instructions in the same warm voice as this guide.